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Before China's reform and opening-up, cattle had been mainly kept for draft purpose. In the early 1990s, economic reform aroused farmers' enthusiasm, which promoted the rapid development of beef cattle industry, beef cattle slaughtering and beef processing industry.
In China, free-range farming rather than intensive one is adopted to keep cattle. This is mainly due to the deteriorating grass quality, shortage of pasture resource, rich labor resource and cheap labor force.
In recent years, the number of cattle ready for slaughter has increased from 13.039 million in 1991 to 47.75 million in 2011 due to the fast development of cattle-processing industry, beef production rising from 1.256 million tons in 1990 to 6.89 million tons in 2014 and CAGR reaching 7.35%. Presently, China has become the third largest beef producer after the US and Brazil with beef production accounting for over 10% of the overall production. Besides, the proportion of beef production to meat production in China has also risen from about 5% in 1990 to 10.15% in 2014.
With improvements in living standard and dietary pattern, the consumption view of high-quality beef has taken shape among Chinese people, which fosters the remarkable growth in consumer demand. As beef cattle breeding takes a long time and the reproductive rate is low, it is difficult to increase supply by adjusting operation scale. With economic development and wide use of agricultural machinery, the draft purpose of keeping cattle has gradually disappeared and the supply system based on traditional free-range farming has collapsed while intensive farming has not taken shape yet, which makes it difficult for the weak growth in local beef supply to change in a short time. But the rapid growth in per capita demand for beef brought about by increased income and eating habit changes like the prevalence of western food worsen the contraction between supply and demand. Currently, less than 6 kilograms of beef is consumed per capita, hardly a half of the global level. As the cost of keeping cattle keeps rising and the short supply in the market, beef's price will continue to go up in recent years in China.
In recent years, domestic beef capacity appears to be gravely insufficient compared with the large number of consumers. Therefore, China's beef import increases fast.
According to CRI's analysis, China's legal import of beef in 2014 was 297,954 tons, a slight increase compared with 2013 with an import value of USD 1.289 billion. If smuggled beef from such countries as India were counted too, the actual import shall be much larger than the legal import. In 2014, Australia, Uruguay, New Zealand and Canada were the major sources of import, among which Australia, exporting 135,210 tons of beef to China with an export value of USD 638.5 million, remained the largest exporter despite a decline in export value in 2014. Smuggled beef is estimated to outnumber legally imported ones. It is reported that they usually enter mainland China through Vietnam or Hong Kong and end up in restaurants or enterprises engaged in processing meat product. Large amounts of smuggled beef from India, Brazil and the US were discovered in the Chinese market.
It is expected that the demand for beef in China will keep growing in the next few years. As local beef production shows weak growth, China's beef import will continue to increase. Therefore, for cattle keepers, companies engaged in beef processing and beef trade, there are many investment opportunities in China.
Readers can get at least the following information through this report:
- beef cattle breeding in China
- beef supply and demand in China
- bull and beef import in China
- cattle diseases in China
- cost analysis of beef cattle breeding in China
- major beef cattle breeding and beef processing enterprises in China
- market outlook of beef in China, 20152019
The author suggests the following groups of people purchase this report:
- beef cattle and bull breeding enterprise
- beef cattle slaughtering enterprise
- enterprise engaged in beef trade
- feed manufacturer/animal vaccine manufacturer
- investor/research institution interested in beef cattle breeding and beef market
Companies Mentioned
Hebei Fortune Ng Fung Food Co., Ltd.; Henan Yisai Beef (Stock) Co., Ltd.; Shenyang Lvfeng Foodstuff Co., Ltd; Inner Mongolia Kerchin Cattle Industry Co., Ltd; Xinjiang Western Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd