Global (United States, European Union and China) Overwrap Films Market Research Report 2019-2025
Table of Contents1 Report Overview
1.1 Research Scope
1.2 Major Manufacturers Covered in This Report
1.3 Market Segment by Type
1.3.1 Global Overwrap Films Market Size Growth Rate by Type (2019-2025)
1.3.2 Coated Overwrap Films
1.3.3 Uncoated Overwrap Films
1.4 Market Segment by Application
1.4.1 Global Overwrap Films Market Share by Application (2019-2025)
1.4.2 Food and Beverages
1.4.3 Pharmaceuticals
1.4.4 Logistics
1.4.5 Electrical & Electronics
1.4.6 Cosmetics & Personal Care
1.4.7 Industrial Packaging
1.4.8 Others
1.5 Study Objectives
1.6 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Production and Capacity Analysis
2.1.1 Global Overwrap Films Production Value 2014-2025
2.1.2 Global Overwrap Films Production 2014-2025
2.1.3 Global Overwrap Films Capacity 2014-2025
2.1.4 Global Overwrap Films Marketing Pricing and Trends
2.2 Key Producers Growth Rate (CAGR) 2019-2025
2.2.1 Global Overwrap Films Market Size CAGR of Key Regions
2.2.2 Global Overwrap Films Market Share of Key Regions
2.3 Industry Trends
2.3.1 Market Top Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
3 Market Share by Manufacturers
3.1 Capacity and Production by Manufacturers
3.1.1 Global Overwrap Films Capacity by Manufacturers
3.1.2 Global Overwrap Films Production by Manufacturers
3.2 Revenue by Manufacturers
3.2.1 Overwrap Films Revenue by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
3.2.2 Overwrap Films Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
3.2.3 Global Overwrap Films Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.3 Overwrap Films Price by Manufacturers
3.4 Key Manufacturers Overwrap Films Plants/Factories Distribution and Area Served
3.5 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Overwrap Films Market
3.6 Key Manufacturers Overwrap Films Product Offered
3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Market Size by Type
4.1 Production and Production Value for Each Type
4.1.1 Coated Overwrap Films Production and Production Value (2014-2019)
4.1.2 Uncoated Overwrap Films Production and Production Value (2014-2019)
4.2 Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share by Type
4.3 Global Overwrap Films Production Value Market Share by Type
4.4 Overwrap Films Ex-factory Price by Type
5 Market Size by Application
5.1 Overview
5.2 Global Overwrap Films Consumption by Application
6 Production by Regions
6.1 Global Overwrap Films Production (History Data) by Regions 2014-2019
6.2 Global Overwrap Films Production Value (History Data) by Regions
6.3 United States
6.3.1 United States Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019
6.3.2 United States Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019
6.3.3 Key Players in United States
6.3.4 United States Overwrap Films Import & Export
6.4 European Union
6.4.1 European Union Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019
6.4.2 European Union Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019
6.4.3 Key Players in European Union
6.4.4 European Union Overwrap Films Import & Export
6.5 China
6.5.1 China Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019
6.5.2 China Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019
6.5.3 Key Players in China
6.5.4 China Overwrap Films Import & Export
6.6 Rest of World
6.6.1 Japan
6.6.2 Korea
6.6.3 India
6.6.4 Southeast Asia
7 Overwrap Films Consumption by Regions
7.1 Global Overwrap Films Consumption (History Data) by Regions
7.2 United States
7.2.1 United States Overwrap Films Consumption by Type
7.2.2 United States Overwrap Films Consumption by Application
7.3 European Union
7.3.1 European Union Overwrap Films Consumption by Type
7.3.2 European Union Overwrap Films Consumption by Application
7.4 China
7.4.1 China Overwrap Films Consumption by Type
7.4.2 China Overwrap Films Consumption by Application
7.5 Rest of World
7.5.1 Rest of World Overwrap Films Consumption by Type
7.5.2 Rest of World Overwrap Films Consumption by Application
7.5.1 Japan
7.5.2 Korea
7.5.3 India
7.5.4 Southeast Asia
8 Company Profiles
8.1 Terichem AS
8.1.1 Terichem AS Company Details
8.1.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.1.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.1.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.1.5 Terichem AS Recent Development
8.2 CCL Industries
8.2.1 CCL Industries Company Details
8.2.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.2.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.2.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.2.5 CCL Industries Recent Development
8.3 Jindal Films
8.3.1 Jindal Films Company Details
8.3.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.3.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.3.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.3.5 Jindal Films Recent Development
8.4 Taghleef Industries
8.4.1 Taghleef Industries Company Details
8.4.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.4.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.4.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.4.5 Taghleef Industries Recent Development
8.5 Cosmo Films
8.5.1 Cosmo Films Company Details
8.5.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.5.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.5.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.5.5 Cosmo Films Recent Development
8.6 Uflex
8.6.1 Uflex Company Details
8.6.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.6.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.6.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.6.5 Uflex Recent Development
8.7 Berry Global
8.7.1 Berry Global Company Details
8.7.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.7.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.7.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.7.5 Berry Global Recent Development
8.8 Futamura Group
8.8.1 Futamura Group Company Details
8.8.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.8.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.8.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.8.5 Futamura Group Recent Development
8.9 Irplast SpA
8.9.1 Irplast SpA Company Details
8.9.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.9.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.9.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.9.5 Irplast SpA Recent Development
8.10 Transcendia
8.10.1 Transcendia Company Details
8.10.2 Company Description and Business Overview
8.10.3 Production and Revenue of Overwrap Films
8.10.4 Overwrap Films Product Introduction
8.10.5 Transcendia Recent Development
8.11 SIBUR International
8.12 Garware Polyester
8.13 Treofan Group
9 Market Forecast
9.1 Global Market Size Forecast
9.1.1 Global Overwrap Films Capacity, Production Forecast 2019-2025
9.1.2 Global Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast 2019-2025
9.2 Market Forecast by Regions
9.2.1 Global Overwrap Films Production and Value Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
9.2.2 Global Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
9.3 United States
9.3.1 Production and Value Forecast in United States
9.3.2 Consumption Forecast in United States
9.4 European Union
9.4.1 Production and Value Forecast in European Union
9.4.2 Consumption Forecast in European Union
9.5 China
9.5.1 Production and Value Forecast in China
9.5.2 Consumption Forecast in China
9.6 Rest of World
9.6.1 Japan
9.6.2 Korea
9.6.3 India
9.6.4 Southeast Asia
9.7 Forecast by Type
9.7.1 Global Overwrap Films Production Forecast by Type
9.7.2 Global Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast by Type
9.8 Consumption Forecast by Application
10 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
10.1 Value Chain Analysis
10.2 Sales Channels Analysis
10.2.1 Overwrap Films Sales Channels
10.2.2 Overwrap Films Distributors
10.3 Overwrap Films Customers
11 Opportunities & Challenges, Threat and Affecting Factors
11.1 Market Opportunities
11.2 Market Challenges
11.3 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
12 Key Findings
13 Appendix
13.1 Research Methodology
13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.1.2 Data Source
13.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.1.2.2 Primary Sources
13.2 Author Details
13.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables and FiguresFigure Overwrap Films Product Picture
Table Overwrap Films Key Market Segments
Table Major Manufacturers Overwrap Films Covered in This Report
Table Global Overwrap Films Market Size Growth Rate by Type 2019-2025 (K sqm) & (Million US$)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Sales Market Shar by Type 2014-2025
Figure Coated Overwrap Films Figures
Table Major Manufacturers of Coated Overwrap Films
Figure Uncoated Overwrap Films Figures
Table Major Manufacturers of Uncoated Overwrap Films
Table Global Overwrap Films Market Share by Application 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Food and Beverages Use Case
Figure Pharmaceuticals Use Case
Figure Logistics Use Case
Figure Electrical & Electronics Use Case
Figure Cosmetics & Personal Care Use Case
Figure Industrial Packaging Use Case
Figure Others Use Case
Figure Overwrap Films Report Years Considered
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2025 (Million US$)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production 2014-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Capacity 2014-2025 (K sqm)
Table Key Manufacturers Overwrap Films Capacity (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Price 2014-2025 (USD/sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Market Size of Key Regions (Million USD) & (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Growth Rate of Key Regions 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Table Global Overwrap Films Market Share for of Regions 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table Market Top Trends
Table Global Overwrap Films Capacity by Manufacturers (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production by Manufacturers (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Overwrap Films Revenue by Manufacturers (2014-2019) (Million USD)
Table Overwrap Films Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Overwrap Films Value Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Global Overwrap Films Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Overwrap Films Price by Manufacturers 2014-2019 (USD/sqm)
Table Key Manufacturers Overwrap Films Plants/Factories Distribution
Table Key Manufacturers Overwrap Films Area Served
Table Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Overwrap Films Market
Table Key Manufacturers Overwrap Films Product Type
Table Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table Global Coated Overwrap Films Production and Production Value (2014-2019) (K sqm) & (Million US$)
Table Global Uncoated Overwrap Films Production and Production Value (2014-2019) (K sqm) & (Million US$)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production by Type (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Share by Type (2014-2019)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share by Type (2014-2019)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share by Type in 2018
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Value by Type (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Value Share by Type (2014-2019)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Market Share by Type (2014-2019)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Market Share by Type in 2018
Table Overwrap Films Ex-factory Price by Type 2014-2019 (USD/sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Consumption by Application (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Consumption Share by Application (2014-2019)
Figure Global Consumption Overwrap Films Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production by Regions 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Value by Regions 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Value Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table United States Overwrap Films Production and Value 2014-2019 (K sqm) & (Million USD)
Figure United States Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Figure United States Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table United States Overwrap Films Import & Export (K sqm)
Table European Union Overwrap Films Production and Value 2014-2019 (K sqm) & (Million USD)
Figure European Union Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Figure European Union Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table European Union Overwrap Films Import & Export (K sqm)
Table China Overwrap Films Production and Value 2014-2019 (K sqm) & (Million USD)
Figure China Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Figure China Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table China Overwrap Films Import & Export (K sqm)
Figure Japan Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Figure Japan Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Korea Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Figure Korea Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Figure India Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Figure India Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Figure Southeast Asia Overwrap Films Production Value Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Overwrap Films Consumption by Regions 2014-2019 (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2018
Figure United States Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table United States Overwrap Films Consumption by Type (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure United States Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Table United States Overwrap Films Consumption by Application (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure United States Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure European Union Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table European Union Overwrap Films Consumption by Type (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure European Union Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Table European Union Overwrap Films Consumption by Application (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure European Union Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure China Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table China Overwrap Films Consumption by Type (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure China Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Table China Overwrap Films Consumption by Application (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure China Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure Rest of World Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table Rest of World Overwrap Films Consumption by Type (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure Rest of World Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Table Rest of World Overwrap Films Consumption by Application (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure Rest of World Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure Japan Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure Korea Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure India Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Figure Southeast Asia Overwrap Films Consumption Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K sqm)
Table Terichem AS Company Details
Table Terichem AS Description and Business Overview
Table Terichem AS Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Terichem AS Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Terichem AS Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Terichem AS Recent Development
Table CCL Industries Company Details
Table CCL Industries Description and Business Overview
Table CCL Industries Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table CCL Industries Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table CCL Industries Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table CCL Industries Recent Development
Table Jindal Films Company Details
Table Jindal Films Description and Business Overview
Table Jindal Films Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Jindal Films Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Jindal Films Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Jindal Films Recent Development
Table Taghleef Industries Company Details
Table Taghleef Industries Description and Business Overview
Table Taghleef Industries Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Taghleef Industries Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Taghleef Industries Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Taghleef Industries Recent Development
Table Cosmo Films Company Details
Table Cosmo Films Description and Business Overview
Table Cosmo Films Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Cosmo Films Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Cosmo Films Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Cosmo Films Recent Development
Table Uflex Company Details
Table Uflex Description and Business Overview
Table Uflex Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Uflex Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Uflex Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Uflex Recent Development
Table Berry Global Company Details
Table Berry Global Description and Business Overview
Table Berry Global Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Berry Global Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Berry Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Berry Global Recent Development
Table Futamura Group Company Details
Table Futamura Group Description and Business Overview
Table Futamura Group Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Futamura Group Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Futamura Group Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Futamura Group Recent Development
Table Irplast SpA Company Details
Table Irplast SpA Description and Business Overview
Table Irplast SpA Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Irplast SpA Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Irplast SpA Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Irplast SpA Recent Development
Table Transcendia Company Details
Table Transcendia Description and Business Overview
Table Transcendia Overwrap Films Production (K sqm), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Transcendia Overwrap Films Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Transcendia Overwrap Films Production Market Share in Global Market
Table Transcendia Recent Development
Table SIBUR International Company Details
Table Garware Polyester Company Details
Table Treofan Group Company Details
Table Global Overwrap Films Capacity, Production Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Capacity Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Table Global Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
Table United States Overwrap Films Production and Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm) & (Million US$)
Figure United States Overwrap Films Production Growth Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table United States Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Figure United States Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table European Union Overwrap Films Production and Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm) & (Million US$)
Figure European Union Overwrap Films Production Growth Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table European Union Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Figure European Union Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table China Overwrap Films Production and Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm) & (Million US$)
Figure China Overwrap Films Production Growth Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table China Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Figure China Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Japan Overwrap Films Production Growth Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Japan Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Korea Overwrap Films Production Growth Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Korea Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure India Overwrap Films Production Growth Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure India Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Southeast Asia Overwrap Films Production Growth Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Southeast Asia Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Forecast by Type 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Forecast by Type 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Market Share Forecast by Type 2019-2025
Table Global Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast by Type 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Forecast by Type 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Production Value Market Share Forecast by Type 2019-2025
Table Global Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast by Application 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Consumption Forecast by Application 2019-2025 (K sqm)
Figure Global Overwrap Films Consumption Market Share Forecast by Application 2019-2025
Figure Overwrap Films Value Chain
Table Overwrap Films Distributors List
Table Overwrap Films Customers List
Table Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources