China Automated Slide Stainers Market Report & Forecast 2021-2027
Table of Contents1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Automated Slide Stainers Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Segment by Type
1.2.2 Segment by Application
1.3 China Automated Slide Stainers Market Overview
1.4 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.4.1 Research Methodology
1.4.2 Research Process
1.4.3 Base Year
2 China Automated Slide Stainers Overall Market Size
2.1 China Automated Slide Stainers Market Size: 2021 VS 2027
2.2 China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2016-2027
2.3 China Automated Slide Stainers Sales: 2016-2027
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Automated Slide Stainers Players in China Market
3.2 Top China Automated Slide Stainers Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue by Companies
3.4 China Automated Slide Stainers Sales by Companies
3.5 China Automated Slide Stainers Price by Manufacturer (2016-2021)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Automated Slide Stainers Companies in China Market, by Revenue in 2020
3.7 Manufacturers Automated Slide Stainers Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automated Slide Stainers Players in China Market
3.8.1 List of Tier 1 Automated Slide Stainers Companies in China
3.8.2 List of Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automated Slide Stainers Companies in China
4 Sights by Type
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2027
4.1.2 Matrix Placement Format
4.1.3 Array Placement Format
4.1.4 Slide Placement Format
4.1.5 Carousel Placement Format
4.1.6 Rotary Slide Placement Format
4.1.7 Others
4.2 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, 2016-2021
4.2.2 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, 2022-2027
4.2.3 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
4.3 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales, 2016-2021
4.3.2 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales, 2022-2027
4.3.3 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
4.4 By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2016-2027
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Market Size, 2021 & 2027
5.1.2 Research Institution
5.1.3 Clinics
5.1.4 Others
5.2 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, 2016-2021
5.2.2 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, 2022-2027
5.2.3 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
5.3 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales, 2016-2021
5.3.2 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales, 2022-2027
5.3.3 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
5.4 By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2016-2027
6 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
6.1 Thermo Fisher
6.1.1 Thermo Fisher Corporation Information
6.1.2 Thermo Fisher Overview
6.1.3 Thermo Fisher Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.1.4 Thermo Fisher Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.1.5 Thermo Fisher Recent Developments
6.2 Beckman Coulter
6.2.1 Beckman Coulter Corporation Information
6.2.2 Beckman Coulter Overview
6.2.3 Beckman Coulter Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.2.4 Beckman Coulter Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.2.5 Beckman Coulter Recent Developments
6.3 Biocare Medical
6.3.1 Biocare Medical Corporation Information
6.3.2 Biocare Medical Overview
6.3.3 Biocare Medical Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.3.4 Biocare Medical Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.3.5 Biocare Medical Recent Developments
6.4 Leica Microsystems
6.4.1 Leica Microsystems Corporation Information
6.4.2 Leica Microsystems Overview
6.4.3 Leica Microsystems Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.4.4 Leica Microsystems Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.4.5 Leica Microsystems Recent Developments
6.5 Fenwal
6.5.1 Fenwal Corporation Information
6.5.2 Fenwal Overview
6.5.3 Fenwal Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.5.4 Fenwal Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.5.5 Fenwal Recent Developments
6.6 AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals
6.6.1 AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Corporation Information
6.6.2 AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Overview
6.6.3 AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.6.4 AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.6.5 AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Recent Developments
6.7 Biosystems
6.7.1 Biosystems Corporation Information
6.7.2 Biosystems Overview
6.7.3 Biosystems Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.7.4 Biosystems Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.7.5 Biosystems Recent Developments
6.8 DAKO
6.8.1 DAKO Corporation Information
6.8.2 DAKO Overview
6.8.3 DAKO Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.8.4 DAKO Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.8.5 DAKO Recent Developments
6.9 Roche(Ventana Medical Systems)
6.9.1 Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Corporation Information
6.9.2 Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Overview
6.9.3 Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.9.4 Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.9.5 Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Recent Developments
6.10 Fresenius Kabi AG
6.10.1 Fresenius Kabi AG Corporation Information
6.10.2 Fresenius Kabi AG Overview
6.10.3 Fresenius Kabi AG Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.10.4 Fresenius Kabi AG Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.10.5 Fresenius Kabi AG Recent Developments
6.11 Grifols International
6.11.1 Grifols International Corporation Information
6.11.2 Grifols International Overview
6.11.3 Grifols International Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.11.4 Grifols International Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.11.5 Grifols International Recent Developments
6.12 Haemonetics
6.12.1 Haemonetics Corporation Information
6.12.2 Haemonetics Overview
6.12.3 Haemonetics Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.12.4 Haemonetics Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.12.5 Haemonetics Recent Developments
6.13 Immucor
6.13.1 Immucor Corporation Information
6.13.2 Immucor Overview
6.13.3 Immucor Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.13.4 Immucor Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.13.5 Immucor Recent Developments
6.14 JMS
6.14.1 JMS Corporation Information
6.14.2 JMS Overview
6.14.3 JMS Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.14.4 JMS Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.14.5 JMS Recent Developments
6.15 Kawasumi Laboratories
6.15.1 Kawasumi Laboratories Corporation Information
6.15.2 Kawasumi Laboratories Overview
6.15.3 Kawasumi Laboratories Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.15.4 Kawasumi Laboratories Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.15.5 Kawasumi Laboratories Recent Developments
6.16 MacoPharma
6.16.1 MacoPharma Corporation Information
6.16.2 MacoPharma Overview
6.16.3 MacoPharma Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.16.4 MacoPharma Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.16.5 MacoPharma Recent Developments
6.17 Shanghai Transfusion Technology
6.17.1 Shanghai Transfusion Technology Corporation Information
6.17.2 Shanghai Transfusion Technology Overview
6.17.3 Shanghai Transfusion Technology Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.17.4 Shanghai Transfusion Technology Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.17.5 Shanghai Transfusion Technology Recent Developments
6.18 Stago
6.18.1 Stago Corporation Information
6.18.2 Stago Overview
6.18.3 Stago Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.18.4 Stago Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.18.5 Stago Recent Developments
6.19 Terumo
6.19.1 Terumo Corporation Information
6.19.2 Terumo Overview
6.19.3 Terumo Automated Slide Stainers Sales and Revenue in China Market (2016-2021)
6.19.4 Terumo Automated Slide Stainers Product Description
6.19.5 Terumo Recent Developments
7 China Automated Slide Stainers Production Capacity, Analysis
7.1 China Automated Slide Stainers Production Capacity, 2016-2027
7.2 Automated Slide Stainers Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in China Market
8 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
8.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
8.2 Market Drivers
8.3 Market Restraints
9 Automated Slide Stainers Supply Chain Analysis
9.1 Automated Slide Stainers Industry Value Chain
9.2 Automated Slide Stainers Upstream Market
9.3 Automated Slide Stainers Downstream and Clients
9.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
9.4.1 Marketing Channels
9.4.2 Automated Slide Stainers Distributors and Sales Agents in China Market
10 Conclusion
11 Appendix
11.1 Note
11.2 Examples of Clients
11.3 Author Details
11.4 Disclaimer
List of TablesTable 1. Key Players of Automated Slide Stainers in China Market
Table 2. Top Automated Slide Stainers Players in China Market, Ranking by Revenue (2019)
Table 3. China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 4. China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Share by Companies, 2016-2021
Table 5. China Automated Slide Stainers Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 6. China Automated Slide Stainers Sales Share by Companies, 2016-2021
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Automated Slide Stainers Price (2016-2021) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Manufacturers Automated Slide Stainers Product Type
Table 9. List of Tier 1 Automated Slide Stainers Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2020 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automated Slide Stainers Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2020 and Market Share
Table 11. Major Manufacturers of Matrix Placement Format
Table 12. Major Manufacturers of Array Placement Format
Table 13. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2027
Table 14. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 15. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 16. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 17. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 18. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2027
Table 19. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 20. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 21. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 22. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 23. Thermo Fisher Corporation Information
Table 24. Thermo Fisher Description and Major Businesses
Table 25. Thermo Fisher Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 26. Thermo Fisher Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 27. Thermo Fisher Recent Developments
Table 28. Beckman Coulter Corporation Information
Table 29. Beckman Coulter Description and Major Businesses
Table 30. Beckman Coulter Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 31. Beckman Coulter Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 32. Beckman Coulter Recent Developments
Table 33. Biocare Medical Corporation Information
Table 34. Biocare Medical Description and Major Businesses
Table 35. Biocare Medical Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 36. Biocare Medical Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 37. Biocare Medical Recent Developments
Table 38. Leica Microsystems Corporation Information
Table 39. Leica Microsystems Description and Major Businesses
Table 40. Leica Microsystems Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 41. Leica Microsystems Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 42. Leica Microsystems Recent Developments
Table 43. Fenwal Corporation Information
Table 44. Fenwal Description and Major Businesses
Table 45. Fenwal Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 46. Fenwal Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 47. Fenwal Recent Developments
Table 48. AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Corporation Information
Table 49. AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Description and Major Businesses
Table 50. AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 51. AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 52. AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Recent Developments
Table 53. Biosystems Corporation Information
Table 54. Biosystems Description and Major Businesses
Table 55. Biosystems Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 56. Biosystems Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 57. Biosystems Recent Developments
Table 58. DAKO Corporation Information
Table 59. DAKO Description and Major Businesses
Table 60. DAKO Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 61. DAKO Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 62. DAKO Recent Developments
Table 63. Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Corporation Information
Table 64. Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Description and Major Businesses
Table 65. Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 66. Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 67. Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Recent Developments
Table 68. Fresenius Kabi AG Corporation Information
Table 69. Fresenius Kabi AG Description and Major Businesses
Table 70. Fresenius Kabi AG Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 71. Fresenius Kabi AG Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 72. Fresenius Kabi AG Recent Developments
Table 73. Grifols International Corporation Information
Table 74. Grifols International Description and Major Businesses
Table 75. Grifols International Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 76. Grifols International Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 77. Grifols International Recent Developments
Table 78. Haemonetics Corporation Information
Table 79. Haemonetics Description and Major Businesses
Table 80. Haemonetics Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 81. Haemonetics Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 82. Haemonetics Recent Developments
Table 83. Immucor Corporation Information
Table 84. Immucor Description and Major Businesses
Table 85. Immucor Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 86. Immucor Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 87. Immucor Recent Developments
Table 88. JMS Corporation Information
Table 89. JMS Description and Major Businesses
Table 90. JMS Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 91. JMS Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 92. JMS Recent Developments
Table 93. Kawasumi Laboratories Corporation Information
Table 94. Kawasumi Laboratories Description and Major Businesses
Table 95. Kawasumi Laboratories Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 96. Kawasumi Laboratories Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 97. Kawasumi Laboratories Recent Developments
Table 98. MacoPharma Corporation Information
Table 99. MacoPharma Description and Major Businesses
Table 100. MacoPharma Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 101. MacoPharma Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 102. MacoPharma Recent Developments
Table 103. Shanghai Transfusion Technology Corporation Information
Table 104. Shanghai Transfusion Technology Description and Major Businesses
Table 105. Shanghai Transfusion Technology Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 106. Shanghai Transfusion Technology Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 107. Shanghai Transfusion Technology Recent Developments
Table 108. Stago Corporation Information
Table 109. Stago Description and Major Businesses
Table 110. Stago Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 111. Stago Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 112. Stago Recent Developments
Table 113. Terumo Corporation Information
Table 114. Terumo Description and Major Businesses
Table 115. Terumo Automated Slide Stainers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Gross Margin (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 116. Terumo Automated Slide Stainers Product
Table 117. Terumo Recent Developments
Table 118. Automated Slide Stainers Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in China Market, 2019-2021 (K Units)
Table 119. China Automated Slide Stainers Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2019-2021
Table 120. Automated Slide Stainers Market Opportunities & Trends in China Market
Table 121. Automated Slide Stainers Market Drivers in China Market
Table 122. Automated Slide Stainers Market Restraints in China Market
Table 123. Automated Slide Stainers Raw Materials
Table 124. Automated Slide Stainers Raw Materials Suppliers in China Market
Table 125. Typical Automated Slide Stainers Downstream
Table 126. Automated Slide Stainers Downstream Clients in China Market
Table 127. Automated Slide Stainers Distributors and Sales Agents in China Market
List of FiguresFigure 1. Automated Slide Stainers Product Picture
Figure 2. Automated Slide Stainers Segment by Type
Figure 3. Automated Slide Stainers Segment by Application
Figure 4. China Automated Slide Stainers Market Overview: 2020
Figure 5. China Automated Slide Stainers Market Size: 2021 VS 2027 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue, 2016-2027 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Automated Slide Stainers Sales in China Market: 2016-2027 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Automated Slide Stainers Revenue in 2020
Figure 9. Matrix Placement Format Product Picture
Figure 10. Array Placement Format Product Picture
Figure 11. Slide Placement Format Product Picture
Figure 12. Carousel Placement Format Product Picture
Figure 13. Rotary Slide Placement Format Product Picture
Figure 14. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 15. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 16. By Type - China Automated Slide Stainers Price (USD/Unit), 2016-2027
Figure 17. Research Institution
Figure 18. Clinics
Figure 19. Others
Figure 20. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 21. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 22. By Application - China Automated Slide Stainers Price (USD/Unit), 2016-2027
Figure 23. Thermo Fisher Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 24. Beckman Coulter Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 25. Biocare Medical Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 26. Leica Microsystems Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 27. Fenwal Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 28. AdvaCare Pharmaceuticals Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 29. Biosystems Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 30. DAKO Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 31. Roche(Ventana Medical Systems) Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 32. Fresenius Kabi AG Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 33. Grifols International Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 34. Haemonetics Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 35. Immucor Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 36. JMS Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 37. Kawasumi Laboratories Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 38. MacoPharma Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 39. Shanghai Transfusion Technology Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 40. Stago Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 41. Terumo Automated Slide Stainers Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2016-2021)
Figure 42. China Automated Slide Stainers Production Capacity (K Units), 2016-2027
Figure 43. Automated Slide Stainers Industry Value Chain
Figure 44. Marketing Channels