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During the “12th five-year plan” period (2011-2015), the balance of financial leasing business has reached considerable scale, and the financial leasing in China has changed from arithmetic growth to exponential growth. In 2014, the financial leasing industry in China developed rapidly with asset scale hitting CNY 2 trillion and over 600 enterprises, in which, the total asset scale in 20 financial leasing enterprises stood at CNY 800 billion, accounting for over 50% of total assets in financial leasing industry.
The financial leasing industry scale increased from CNY 70 billion in 2007 to CNY 1.2 trillion in June 2012, increasing by 16 times within 5 five years with compound annual growth rate of 90%, it is predicted that by 2020, the industry scale of financial leasing in China will be close to CNY 10 trillion with compound annual growth rate of about 30%, and the leasing penetration rate can be expected to exceed 10%. Like the developed countries in Europe and America, the financial leasing industry has become an important supplement for bank credit and security financing in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenzhen, Hangzhou and Xiamen etc, where the scientific and stable capital supply system has been formed gradually.
In recent years, the global market shares of China’s shipbuilding Industry increased obviously and have exceeded South Korea and Japan, China has become one of key shipbuilding centers in global.
From Jan. to Dec. in 2014, the accomplished shipbuilding output in China was 39.05 million DWT, down 13.9% over the same period of last year, and the newly-received shipbuilding order was 59.95 million DWT, down 14.2% over the same period of last year, in which the marine ship was 19.34 million CGT. By the end of December, the shipbuilding order had been 148.8 million DWT, up 13.7% over the same period of last year (2013), in which, the marine ship was 46.4 million CGT, and the exported ships accounted for 95.9% of total output.
In 2014, the market shares of three largest shipbuilding indexes: accomplished shipbuilding output, newly-received order and holding order, continue to keep leading position in world, accounting for 41.7%, 50.5% and 47.1% respectively by DWT, in which the newly-received order increased by 2.6% over 2013.
The industry concentration ratio was improved further, the accomplished shipbuilding output of top 10 enterprises accounted for 50.6% of total output in China, up 3.2% over 2013; the newly-received shipbuilding orders continue to concentrate toward superior enterprises, in which the newly-received orders in top 10 enterprises accounted for 55.5% of total one in China.
Fig.29: Three Largest Shipbuilding Indexes and Market Shares in World, 2014
Fig.30: Comparison of Three Largest Shipbuilding Indexes in China, 2008-2014
China has not established a complete ship leasing market. Participators involve in shipbuilding transaction in different degrees and cannot undertake the increasing demands for shipbuilding in respects of knowledge, capital and experiences independently.
It is only two or three years to carry out large-scale ship financial leasing business in China, mainly serving for domestic customers. at present, one obvious trend is that the financial leasing from bank system with powerful capital background is becoming another mainstream channel of ship financing gradually.
Fig.31: Statistics on Market Shares of Ship Financial Leasing, 2014
Since the beginning of 2014, China has issued a serial of micro-stimulation policies, which makes the market capitals among banks become relaxed obviously, especially, the fast decline of short-term capital interest rate creates sound financing opportunities for ship industry. China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC) issued two terms of Super & Short-term Commercial Paper (SCP) of CNY 5 billion with annual interest rate of only 4.65%, which reduced financing cost. The Export-Import Bank of China provided CNY 90 billion of preferable interest rate floating capital loan for CSSC to release CSSC’s capital pressure and support its development. Meanwhile, the ship financial leasing business develops fast and has become the main channel of ship financing, only followed by bank loan. Statistics suggests: have only Minsheng Financial Leasing Co., Ltd, BCM Financial Leasing Co., Ltd and China Ship (Hong Kong) Aviation Leasing Co., Ltd built over 4 million DWT of ship and contributed large-amount of orders for shipbuilding industry in China by financial innovation.