Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes: Market Shares, Strategies, and Forecasts, Worldwide, 2019 to 2024

Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes: Market Shares, Strategies, and Forecasts, Worldwide, 2019 to 2024

Table of Contents

Powered Vehicles 1
Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Executive Summary 18
Lithium-ion Batteries at $100/kWh Make EVs Cheaper Than Traditional Gas-Powered Vehicles 18

1. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode: Market Description and Market Dynamics 20
1.1 Li-ion Battery Sub-Types 20
1.1.1 Nickel Manganese Cobalt 20
1.1.2 Nickel Cobalt Aluminum 21
1.2 Lithium-ion Battery Basics 22
1.2.1 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Description 23
1.2.2 Cathode Chemistry and Metal Proportions 27
1.2.3 Intercalated Lithium Compound 29
1.3 Cathode Typically 31% of Cost of Small Lithium Ion Battery 30

2. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Market Shares and Forecasts 32
2.1 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Market Driving Forces 32
2.2 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Market Shares 35
2.2.1 Sumitomo Monthly Production Structure 40
2.2.2 Umicore 41
2.2.3 Umicore Dedicated to NMC and Cobalt 41
2.2.4 Samsung 42
2.2.5 Panasonic 43
2.2.6 Easpring Material Technology Chinese NCM 622 Capacity of 2,800 tons 44
2.3 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Market Forecasts 45
2.3.1 Battery Materials Market 47
2.4 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Segments 49
2.5 Battery Materials Market Worth $11.3 Billion By 2018 54
2.6 Electric Vehicle Market 55
2.6.1 Automotive 57
2.6.2 Cobalt 58
2.7 Lithium Ion Batteries 61
2.7.1 Lithium Markets 63
2.7.2 Cathode Active Materials 65
2.7.3 EV Makers and their Suppliers 65
2.8 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode and Cobalt Pricing 68
2.8.1 Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide Linimncoo2 Powder for Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Materials-Gn-NMC 68
2.8.2 Linicomno2 (NCM) Powder for High Capacity Li-ion Battery Cathode, (Ni: Co: Mn=1: 1: 1) , Lib-Lncm111 69
2.8.3 LiFePO4 Cathode Material CAS 15365-14-7 69
2.9 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Regional Market Segments 73
2.9.1 Europe 76
2.9.2 China Cathode Market Participation 77

3. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Product Description 82
3.1 Lithium Battery NMC Cathodes 82
3.2 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Market Segment Analysis 83
3.2.1 Cost Of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes Continues To Decrease 83
3.2.2 Cathode Segments, NMC 532, NMC 622, NMC 811, Market Segments 84
3.2.3 Cathode Market Growth, Tonnes 87
3.2.4 Cathode Market Growth, Tonnes, Worldwide, 2013 – 2017 89
3.2.5 NMC 91
3.2.6 NMC and NCA 91
3.2.7 LFP 91
3.2.8 80 Percent Nickel, 10 Percent Cobalt And 10 Percent Manganese NMC 811 91
3.2.9 Cathode Segments by NMC, NCM, NMA, LFP, Cobalt LCO, and Specialty Cathodes, Market Segments 91
3.2.10 Cathode Unit Analysis in Tonnes 93
3.2.11 Ternary Cathode Materials (NCA/NCM) 94
3.3 Category : LiNiMnCo (NMC) Batteries 94
3.4 NMC 811 Battery Production 99
3.5 Electric Vehicles 101
3.5.1 Cars and Light Truck, Trucks and Busses Vehicle and Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, 102
3.5.2 Cars and Light Truck Electric Vehicle Regional Segment Market Forecasts 104
3.5.3 Cars and Light Truck Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, Small, Mid-Size, Luxury. And TaaS, Shipments 106
3.5.4 Trucks and Busses Electric Vehicle Market Forecasts 109
3.5.5 California Seeks to Ban Gas Burning Vehicles 111
3.5.6 EV Battery Manufacturing 113
3.5.7 Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Spending by Manufacturers 114
3.5.8 China 116
3.5.9 NIO in China 118
3.5.10 Transport as a Service (TaaS) 118
3.5.11 Charging Stations 120
3.5.12 Electric Trucks and Busses 121

4 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Research and Technology 122
4.5 Available Battery Choices: 122
4.6 Lithium Cobalt Oxide(LiCoO2) 131
4.7 NMC 131
4.7.3 Cathode Segments 132

5 Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Company Profiles 139
5.5 3M Sells NMC to Umicore 139
5.5.3 3M Strategic Relationship with Amperex Technologies for NMC Li-Ion Cathode Materials 140
5.5.4 3M Offered Three Cathode Products 141
5.5.5 3M NMC Transfer to Umicore 142
5.6 Argonne National Labs 142
5.7 B&M 142
5.8 BASF 143
5.8.3 BASF NCM Cathode Materials 147
5.8.4 BASF One Of Two Licensed Suppliers of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory-Patented NCM Cathode Materials 148
5.8.5 BASF and Toda Kogyo 149
5.8.6 BASF - ANL Collaboration on NCM Cathode Materials 150
5.8.7 BASF and General Motors GM NMC 151
5.9 BYD 153
5.10 Easpring 153
5.10.3 Easpring Revenue 153
5.10.4 Easpring Production Capacity 155
5.11 FDK 156
5.12 Fujitsu 156
5.12.3 Fujitsu Laboratories 156
5.12.4 FDK Corporation and Fujitsu Laboratories 158
5.12.5 Fujitsu Low-Cost, Cobalt-Free Lithium Rechargeable Batteries 160
5.12.6 Fujitsu Cathode Terminology 162
5.12.7 Fujitsu 162
5.12.8 Fujitsu Laboratories 163
5.13 Hitachi Chemical 163
5.13.3 Hitachi Lithium Ion Battery 163
5.14 JFE Techno-Research 167
5.14.3 JFE Catalyst Evaluation and Development Support 168
5.15 Jinhe (website not available) 170
5.16 L&F 170
5.17 LG 170
5.17.3 LG Chem Embraces NMC 811 Cathode 173
5.17.4 LG Chem and 3M Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt-Oxide Cathode Patent License Agreement 174
5.17.5 LG Chem Supplies NMC-based Li-ion Cells For Plug-In Vehicles, Including Chevy Volt 174
5.18 Long Power Systems 176
5.19 Mitsubishi 176
5.20 NEI Corporation 176
5.20.3 NEI Cathode & Anode Powders 177
5.20.4 NEI Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) Powders » 180
5.20.5 NEI Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA) Powders 180
5.20.6 Lithium Manganese Nickel Oxide (LMNO / Spinel) Powders 180
5.20.7 NEI Custom Lithium-ion Battery Powders 181
5.21 Nichia 181
5.22 Panasonic 183
5.22.3 Panasonic offers Tesla Different Applications 185
5.22.4 Tesla Gigafactory 188
5.22.5 Panasonic Nickel Cobalt Aluminum and Nickel Manganese Cobalt 189
5.22.6 Panasonic / Tesla Cathodes 190
5.23 Pulead 194
5.24 Reshine 195
5.25 Samsung 196
5.26 Shanshan 196
5.26.3 Shanshan Anode Materials 196
5.27 SK innovation 198
5.28 SMM 198
5.28.3 SMM Cathode Material of In-Vehicle Lithium Ion Batteries 199
5.28.4 Nickel Powder For Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors 200
5.28.5 Magnetic Powder for In-Car Motor 200
5.28.6 Development of High-Functionality Silver-Coated Copper Powder With A Controlled Shape 201
5.28.7 SMM Flake-like Silver-Coated Copper Powder Characteristics 201
5.28.8 SMM Cobalt: 201
5.28.9 SMM Produces Electrolytic Cobalt 202
5.28.10 SMM Increasing Production of NCA 203
5.28.11 SMM Monthly Production Structure 205
5.28.12 SMM Increasing Battery Material Production In Response To Growing Demand For Electric Vehicles 206
5.28.13 SMM Materials Business 207
5.28.14 Sumitomo Metal Mining Revenue 209
5.28.15 Core Advantages of SMM’s Materials Business 215
5.28.16 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. Sales Volume of Battery Materials 218
5.29 Targray 218
5.30 Toda Kogyo 221
5.30.3 Toda Kogyo Revenue 222
5.30.4 Toda America 222
5.30.5 BASF and Toda Strengthen Their Collaboration 223
5.30.6 BASF and Toda Combine Manufacturing Activities in the United States 223
5.31 Umicore 224
5.31.3 BASF, The World’s Largest Chemical Company, Files a Law Suit Against Belgium’s Umicore 225
5.31.4 3M NMC Powder 226
5.31.5 Umicore and One of Its Customers—Japan’s Makita 226
5.31.6 Umicore Dedicated to NMC and Cobalt 226
5.31.7 Umicore Record Performance in 2017 227
5.31.8 Umicore Revenue 228
5.31.9 2017 FY Umicore Business Review Energy & Surface Technologies Including Cathodes 233
5.31.10 Umicore Acquires NMC Battery Material Patents from 3M 234
5.31.11 Umicore Boosts Capacity In Cathode Materials 235
5.32 Selected Lithium Ion Cathode Companies 236
WinterGreen Research, 246
WinterGreen Research Methodology 246
WinterGreen Research Process 248
Market Research Study 248
WinterGreen Research Global Market Intelligence Company 249

List of Figures

Abstract: Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes Undergo Rapid Change, Make Electric Vehicles Less Expensive Than Gas Powered Vehicles 1
Figure 1. Cathode Market Forecasts Dollars and Percent, Worldwide, 2018 - 2024 18
Figure 2. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Description 23
Figure 3. Battery Has Graphite Anode, NMC Cathode, Lithium Electrolyte 24
Figure 4. Cathode Materials Ratio 25
Figure 5. Cathode Layered Structure 26
Figure 6. Cathode Chemistry and Metal Proportions 27
Figure 7. Cathode Typically 31% of Cost of Small Lithium Ion Battery 30
Figure 8. Cobalt 32
Figure 9. Cathodes Cost per kWh vs. $ per Gallon of Gasoline 34
Figure 10. Cathode Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2017 35
Figure 11. Cathode Market Share Positioning Descriptions, Worldwide, 2017 35
Figure 12. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Leading Market Participants 39
Figure 13. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Recent Entrants 40
Figure 14. Umicore 2017 FY Energy & Surface Technologies Revenue: Including Cathodes 41
Figure 15. Cathode Market Forecasts Dollars and Percent, Worldwide, 2018 - 2024 45
Figure 16. Cathode Market Forecasts, Tonnes and Percent, Worldwide, 2018 - 2024 46
Figure 17. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Market Factors 46
Figure 18. Cathode Segments, Electric Vehicle, Smart Phones, Stationary Storage / Grid, Power Tools, Laptops, Consumer Electronics, Drones / UUVs / UAVs, Market Segments, Dollars, Worldwide, 2018-2024 51
Figure 19. Cathode Segments, Electric Vehicle, Smart Phones, Stationary Storage / Grid, Power Tools, Laptops, Consumer Electronics, Drones / UUVs / UAVs, Market Segments, Percent, Worldwide, 2018-2024 52
Figure 20. Cathode Segments, Military, Transportation, Energy Storage, Consumer Electronics, Worldwide, 2017 53
Figure 21. Cathode Material 34.7% of Battery 56
Figure 22. Cobalt 58
Figure 23. Metric Tons of Cobalt Produced in 2016 60
Figure 24. Global Battery Mineral Supply And Demand 65
Figure 25. EV Makers and their Suppliers 65
Figure 26. Lithium Ion Battery Cell Manufacturing Cost $/kWh 72
Figure 27. Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Regional Market Segments, Dollars, Worldwide, 2017 74
Figure 28. Chinese Dominate Cathode Market in 2015 78
Figure 29. Cathode Production Regional Segments, China Tonnes, 2017 81
Figure 30. Material Development of High Density Battery 83
Figure 31. Cathode Segments, NMC 532, NMC 622, NMC 811, Market Segments, Dollars, Worldwide, 2017 84
Figure 32. Cathode Market Growth, Dollars, Worldwide, 2018 - 2024 85
Figure 33. Cathode Market Growth, Percent, Worldwide, 2018 - 2024 86
Figure 34. Cathode Market Growth, Tonnes, Worldwide, 2018 - 2024 87
Figure 35. Cathode Market Growth, Tonnes, Percent, Worldwide, 2018 – 2024 88
Figure 36. Cathode Market Growth, Tonnes, Worldwide, 2013 – 2017 89
Figure 37. Cathode Market Growth, Tonnes, Percent, Worldwide, 2013 - 2017 90
Figure 38. Cathode Segments by NMC, NCM, NMA, LFP, Cobalt LCO, and Specialty Cathodes, Market Segments, Tons and Percent, Worldwide, 2018-2024 92
Figure 39. Output of Major Lithium Battery Cathode Material Manufacturers 2012-2013. 93
Figure 40. Lithium-Ion-Batteries 97
Figure 41. Electric Vehicle 98
Figure 42. NMC 811 Battery Production 99
Figure 43. Cars and Light Truck, Trucks and Busses Vehicle and Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, Shipments, Percent and Units, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 102
Figure 44. Cars and Light Truck Electric Vehicle Regional Segment Market Forecasts, China, US, Europe, and Rest of World Shipments, Units, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 104
Figure 45. Cars and Light Truck Electric Vehicle Regional Segment Market Forecasts, China, US, Europe, and Rest of World Shipments, Percent Units, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 105
Figure 46. Cars and Light Truck Electric Vehicle Market Forecasts, Units and Percent, Worldwide, 2019 – 2025 106
Figure 47. Cars and Light Truck Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, Small, Mid Size, Luxury. And TaaS, Units, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 107
Figure 48. Cars and Light Truck Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, Small, Mid-Size, Luxury. And TaaS, Shipments, Dollars and $ per Unit, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 108
Figure 49. Trucks and Busses Electric Vehicle Market Forecasts, Shipments, Units, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 109
Figure 50. Trucks and Busses Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, Light Duty Trucks, Mid Size Trucks, Large Trucks, Busses, Shipments, Units, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 110
Figure 51. Trucks and Busses Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, Light Duty Trucks, Mid Size Trucks, Large Trucks, Busses, Shipments, Dollars, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 111
Figure 52. Market Shares for Electric Batteries 113
Figure 53. Electric Vehicle Segment Market Forecasts, Dollars, Worldwide, 2019 - 2025 115
Figure 54. Available Batteries choices: 122
Figure 55. Nano Technology for Electrochemical Utilization of Metal Oxide 123
Figure 56. Cathode Improved Electric Conductivity 124
Figure 57. 3-D Porous Structure for Easy Access to Electrolyte Ions 125
Figure 58. NMC Cathode Ratio Examples 127
Figure 59. Li-Ion Batteries Cathode, Anode, and Other Technologies 128
Figure 60. Lithium Cathode Functions 129
Figure 61. SMM Cathode Materials 130
Figure 62. Lithium Cobalt Oxide(LiCoO2) Layered Structure 131
Figure 63. Cathode Segments, NMC 532, NMC 622, NMC 811, Market Segments, Dollars, Worldwide, 2017 132
Figure 64. Cathode Segments, Electric Vehicle, Smart Phones, Stationary Storage / Grid, Power Tools, Laptops, Consumer Electronics, Drones / UUVs / UAVs, Market Segments, Percent, Worldwide, 2018-2024 133
Figure 65. Cathode Segments, Electric Vehicle, Smart Phones, Stationary Storage / Grid, Power Tools, Laptops, Consumer Electronics, Drones / UAVs, Market Segments, Dollars, Worldwide, 2018-2024 134
Figure 66. Cathode Segments by NMC, NCM . NMA, LFP, Cobalt LCO, Manganese LMO, and Specialty Cathodes, Market Segments, Dollars and Percent, Worldwide, 2018-2024 135
Figure 67. Applications for Metals Typically Contained in Lithium Ion Battery Cathode 136
Figure 68. Lithium Cathode Metals Markets 136
Figure 69. Cathode Segments by NMC, NCM . NMA, LFP, Cobalt LCO, Manganese LMO, and Specialty Cathodes, Market Segments, Tons and Percent, Worldwide, 2018-2024 138
Figure 70. 3M NMC Cathode Materials 140
Figure 71. BASF Battery Materials Positioning 144
Figure 72. BASF Sales by Region 145
Figure 73. Sales by Direct Customer Industry 145
Figure 74. BASF Main Competitors 146
Figure 75. BASF Key Capabilities 146
Figure 76. BASF Advanced HED™ NCM Cathode Materials For Lithium-Ion Batteries Functions 147
Figure 77. BASF NCM Cathode Materials 149
Figure 78. BASF - ANL Collaboration on NCM: BASF’s Comprehensive Battery Materials Portfolio 150
Figure 79. BASF NCM Production Elyria, Ohio 152
Figure 80. Fujitsu Charge / Discharge Curves Of Cathode Material 157
Figure 81. Comparison of the Energy Densities Of The New Cathode Material Versus Conventional Cathode Materials 159
Figure 82. Fujitsu Crystal Structure Of The Of Low-Cost, Cobalt-Free Lithium Rechargeable Batteries 160
Figure 83. Fujitsu Prototype Coin-Shaped Battery Crystal Structure Of The New Material 161
Figure 84. Fujitsu Voltage and Discharge Depth (*2) Of The Prototype Coin Battery 161
Figure 85. Hitachi Corporate Revenue in Trillions of Yen 163
Figure 86. Hitachi Materials Benchmarking 164
Figure 87. Hitachi Advanced Materials Revenue 165
Figure 88. Hitachi Advanced Materials Revenue Change 166
Figure 89. JFE Techno-Research Cathode Functions 168
Figure 90. JFE Examples of Clients' Catalyst-Related Requests 169
Figure 91. Structure of Rechargeable Battery 171
Figure 92. LG Chem Cathode Materials 172
Figure 93. Rechargeable Battery Components 172
Figure 94. 3M Cathode Charge / Discharge Profiles 175
Figure 95. NEI Cathode & Anode Powders 177
Figure 96. Cathode & Anode Tapes 178
Figure 97. NEI Cathode Materials 179
Figure 98. Nichia LiCoO2 182
Figure 99. Nichia Analysis of Active Materials 183
Figure 100. Tesla Lithium-Ion NCA Battery 184
Figure 101. Panasonic / Tesla NMC Battery 187
Figure 102. Construction of the Tesla Gigafactory Outside Reno, Nevada is shown February 18, 2015. 188
Figure 103. Pulead Electric Car 194
Figure 104. Ni-Co-Mn Material 199
Figure 105. SMM Ni-Co-Al Material 199
Figure 106. SMM High-Functionality Nickel Powder 200
Figure 107. SMM Sm-Fe-N Magnetic Powder 200
Figure 108. SMM Flake-Like Silver-Coated Copper Powder 201
Figure 109. SMM Cathode Materials Center 208
Figure 110. SMM Net Sales 212
Figure 111. Number of Electric Vehicles Shipped 214
Figure 112. SMM Core Divisions 217
Figure 113. Targray Cathodes 220
Figure 114. Umicore South Korean and Chinese Facilities 230
Figure 115. Umicore Volume Forecasts 231
Figure 116. Umicore 2017 FY Business Review: Catalysts 232
Figure 117. Umicore Leadership Position in NMC 236
Figure 118. Cut Cathode Producers 243
Figure 119. Cathode Makers 244

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