Global Sterile Injectables Market Insights, Forecast to 2025
Table of Contents1 Study Coverage
1.1 Sterile Injectables Product
1.2 Market Segments
1.3 Key Manufacturers Covered
1.4 Market by Type
1.4.1 Global Sterile Injectables Market Size Growth Rate by Product
1.4.2 Large Molecules
1.4.3 Small Molecules
1.5 Market by End User
1.5.1 Global Sterile Injectables Market Size Growth Rate by End User
1.5.2 Cancer
1.5.3 Diabetes
1.5.4 Cardiovascular Diseases
1.5.5 Central Nervous Systems
1.5.6 Infectious Disorders
1.5.7 Musculoskeletal
1.6 Study Objectives
1.7 Years Considered
2 Executive Summary
2.1 Global Sterile Injectables Market Size
2.1.1 Global Sterile Injectables Revenue 2014-2025
2.1.2 Global Sterile Injectables Sales 2014-2025
2.2 Sterile Injectables Growth Rate by Regions
2.2.1 Global Sterile Injectables Sales by Regions
2.2.2 Global Sterile Injectables Revenue by Regions
3 Breakdown Data by Manufacturers
3.1 Sterile Injectables Sales by Manufacturers
3.1.1 Sterile Injectables Sales by Manufacturers
3.1.2 Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Manufacturers
3.1.3 Global Sterile Injectables Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.2 Sterile Injectables Revenue by Manufacturers
3.2.1 Sterile Injectables Revenue by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
3.2.2 Sterile Injectables Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
3.3 Sterile Injectables Price by Manufacturers
3.4 Sterile Injectables Manufacturing Base Distribution, Product Types
3.4.1 Sterile Injectables Manufacturers Manufacturing Base Distribution, Headquarters
3.4.2 Manufacturers Sterile Injectables Product Type
3.4.3 Date of International Manufacturers Enter into Sterile Injectables Market
3.5 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Breakdown Data by Product
4.1 Global Sterile Injectables Sales by Product
4.2 Global Sterile Injectables Revenue by Product
4.3 Sterile Injectables Price by Product
5 Breakdown Data by End User
5.1 Overview
5.2 Global Sterile Injectables Breakdown Data by End User
6 North America
6.1 North America Sterile Injectables by Countries
6.1.1 North America Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries
6.1.2 North America Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries
6.1.3 United States
6.1.4 Canada
6.1.5 Mexico
6.2 North America Sterile Injectables by Product
6.3 North America Sterile Injectables by End User
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Sterile Injectables by Countries
7.1.1 Europe Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries
7.1.2 Europe Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries
7.1.3 Germany
7.1.4 France
7.1.5 UK
7.1.6 Italy
7.1.7 Russia
7.2 Europe Sterile Injectables by Product
7.3 Europe Sterile Injectables by End User
8 Asia Pacific
8.1 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables by Countries
8.1.1 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries
8.1.2 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries
8.1.3 China
8.1.4 Japan
8.1.5 Korea
8.1.6 India
8.1.7 Australia
8.1.8 Indonesia
8.1.9 Malaysia
8.1.10 Philippines
8.1.11 Thailand
8.1.12 Vietnam
8.1.13 Singapore
8.2 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables by Product
8.3 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables by End User
9 Central & South America
9.1 Central & South America Sterile Injectables by Countries
9.1.1 Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries
9.1.2 Central & South America Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries
9.1.3 Brazil
9.2 Central & South America Sterile Injectables by Product
9.3 Central & South America Sterile Injectables by End User
10 Middle East and Africa
10.1 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables by Countries
10.1.1 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries
10.1.2 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries
10.1.3 GCC Countries
10.1.4 Turkey
10.1.5 Egypt
10.1.6 South Africa
10.2 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables by Product
10.3 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables by End User
11 Company Profiles
11.1 Baxter International Inc
11.1.1 Baxter International Inc Company Details
11.1.2 Company Business Overview
11.1.3 Baxter International Inc Sterile Injectables Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
11.1.4 Baxter International Inc Sterile Injectables Products Offered
11.1.5 Baxter International Inc Recent Development
11.2 AstraZeneca plc
11.2.1 AstraZeneca plc Company Details
11.2.2 Company Business Overview
11.2.3 AstraZeneca plc Sterile Injectables Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
11.2.4 AstraZeneca plc Sterile Injectables Products Offered
11.2.5 AstraZeneca plc Recent Development
11.3 Merck & Co., Inc
11.3.1 Merck & Co., Inc Company Details
11.3.2 Company Business Overview
11.3.3 Merck & Co., Inc Sterile Injectables Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
11.3.4 Merck & Co., Inc Sterile Injectables Products Offered
11.3.5 Merck & Co., Inc Recent Development
11.4 Novartis AG
11.4.1 Novartis AG Company Details
11.4.2 Company Business Overview
11.4.3 Novartis AG Sterile Injectables Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
11.4.4 Novartis AG Sterile Injectables Products Offered
11.4.5 Novartis AG Recent Development
11.5 Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc
11.5.1 Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc Company Details
11.5.2 Company Business Overview
11.5.3 Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc Sterile Injectables Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
11.5.4 Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc Sterile Injectables Products Offered
11.5.5 Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc Recent Development
12 Future Forecast
12.1 Sterile Injectables Market Forecast by Regions
12.1.1 Global Sterile Injectables Sales Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
12.1.2 Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
12.2 Sterile Injectables Market Forecast by Product
12.2.1 Global Sterile Injectables Sales Forecast by Product 2019-2025
12.2.2 Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Forecast by Product 2019-2025
12.3 Sterile Injectables Market Forecast by End User
12.4 North America Sterile Injectables Forecast
12.5 Europe Sterile Injectables Forecast
12.6 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Forecast
12.7 Central & South America Sterile Injectables Forecast
12.8 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Forecast
13 Market Opportunities, Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis
13.1 Market Opportunities and Drivers
13.2 Market Challenges
13.3 Market Risks/Restraints
13.4 Macroscopic Indicators
14 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
14.1 Value Chain Analysis
14.2 Sterile Injectables Customers
14.3 Sales Channels Analysis
14.3.1 Sales Channels
14.3.2 Distributors
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
16.1 Research Methodology
16.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.2 Data Source
16.2 Author Details
16.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables and FiguresFigure Sterile Injectables Product Picture
Table Sterile Injectables Market Segments
Table Key Manufacturers Sterile Injectables Covered
Table Global Sterile Injectables Market Size Growth Rate by Product 2019-2025 (K Units) & (Million US$)
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product 2014-2025
Figure Large Molecules Product Picture
Table Major Manufacturers of Large Molecules
Figure Small Molecules Product Picture
Table Major Manufacturers of Small Molecules
Table Global Sterile Injectables Market Size Growth Rate by End User 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Cancer
Figure Diabetes
Figure Cardiovascular Diseases
Figure Central Nervous Systems
Figure Infectious Disorders
Figure Musculoskeletal
Figure Sterile Injectables Report Years Considered
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Market Size 2014-2025 (Million US$)
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Sales 2014-2025 (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Market Size by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units) & (Million US$)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure 2018 Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Regions
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue by Regions 2014-2019 (Million US$)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure 2018 Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales by Manufacturers (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Sterile Injectables Revenue by Manufacturers (2014-2019) (Million USD)
Table Sterile Injectables Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Sterile Injectables Value Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Key Manufacturers Sterile Injectables Price (2014-2019) (USD/Unit)
Table Sterile Injectables Manufacturers Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
Table Manufacturers Sterile Injectables Product Type
Table Date of International Manufacturers Enter into Sterile Injectables Market
Table Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales by Product (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product in 2018
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue by Product (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Product in 2018
Table Sterile Injectables Price by Product 2014-2019 (USD/Unit)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales by End User (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Share by End User (2014-2019)
Figure Global Sales Sterile Injectables Market Share by End User (2014-2019)
Figure Global Sales Sterile Injectables Market Share by End User in 2018
Figure North America Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure North America Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$)
Table North America Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table North America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 North America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries
Table North America Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table North America Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 North America Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries
Figure United States Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure United States Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Canada Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Canada Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Mexico Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Mexico Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table North America Sterile Injectables Sales by Product (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table North America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 North America Sterile Injectables Market Share by Product
Table North America Sterile Injectables Sales by End User (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table North America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by End User (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 North America Sterile Injectables Market Share by End User
Figure Europe Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Europe Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$)
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Europe Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Europe Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries
Figure Germany Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Germany Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure France Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure France Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure UK Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure UK Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Italy Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Italy Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Russia Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Russia Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Sales by Product (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Europe Sterile Injectables Market Share by Product
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Sales by End User (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Europe Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by End User (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Europe Sterile Injectables Market Share by End User
Figure Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$)
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries
Figure China Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure China Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Japan Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Japan Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Korea Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Korea Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure India Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure India Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Australia Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Australia Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Indonesia Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Indonesia Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Malaysia Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Malaysia Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Philippines Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Philippines Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Thailand Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Thailand Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Vietnam Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Vietnam Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Singapore Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Singapore Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales by Product (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Market Share by Product
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales by End User (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by End User (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Market Share by End User
Figure Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Central & South America Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$)
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Central & South America Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries
Figure Brazil Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Brazil Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Argentina Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Argentina Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales by Product (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Central & South America Sterile Injectables Market Share by Product
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales by End User (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by End User (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Central & South America Sterile Injectables Market Share by End User
Figure Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$)
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales by Countries (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Countries
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Revenue by Countries (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share by Countries
Figure GCC Countries Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure GCC Countries Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Turkey Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Turkey Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure Egypt Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure Egypt Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Figure South Africa Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate (2014-2019) (K Units)
Figure South Africa Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate (2014-2019) (Million US$)
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales by Product (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by Product (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Market Share by Product
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales by End User (2014-2019) (K Units)
Table Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share by End User (2014-2019)
Figure 2018 Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Market Share by End User
Table Baxter International Inc Company Details
Table Baxter International Inc Sterile Injectables Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Baxter International Inc Recent Development
Table AstraZeneca plc Company Details
Table AstraZeneca plc Sterile Injectables Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table AstraZeneca plc Recent Development
Table Merck & Co., Inc Company Details
Table Merck & Co., Inc Sterile Injectables Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Merck & Co., Inc Recent Development
Table Novartis AG Company Details
Table Novartis AG Sterile Injectables Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Novartis AG Recent Development
Table Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc Company Details
Table Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc Sterile Injectables Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc Recent Development
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share Forecast by Regions 2019-2025
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Forecast by Product 2019-2025 (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share Forecast by Product 2019-2025
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Forecast by Product 2019-2025 (Million US$)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Revenue Market Share Forecast by Product 2019-2025
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Forecast by End User 2019-2025 (K Units)
Table Global Sterile Injectables Sales Market Share Forecast by End User 2019-2025
Figure North America Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (K Units)
Figure North America Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (Million US$)
Figure Europe Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (K Units)
Figure Europe Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (Million US$)
Figure Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (K Units)
Figure Asia Pacific Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (Million US$)
Figure Central & South America Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (K Units)
Figure Central & South America Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (Million US$)
Figure Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Sales Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (K Units)
Figure Middle East and Africa Sterile Injectables Revenue Growth Rate Forecast (2019-2025) (Million US$)
Table Sterile Injectables Value Chain
Table Sterile Injectables Customers List
Table Sterile Injectables Distributors List
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources