Ghana Oil and Gas Report Q1 2013

BMI View: Despite output problems, the outlook for Ghana’s nascent status as an oil producer is bright,
with further development at the Jubilee field and anticipated first oil from the T.E.N. project underlying
our forecast for output to grow at an average rate of 60% over the course of our forecast period to 2021.
The development of infrastructure to commercialise associated gas for domestic power generation will
see both production and consumption of gas grown in Ghana. Continued upstream success with both gas
and oil discoveries presents upside risk to our forecasts, however we highlight project delays and
technical challenges as developments that could cause as to alter our forecast to the downside.
The main trends and developments we highlight for Ghana’s oil and gas sector are:
?? After troubled start-up, output from the Tullow Oil-operated Jubilee field should reach
previously targeted 120,000b/d figure by 2013, although for 2012 we expect production to
average 77,000b/d.
?? Ghana’s reserves are likely to continue to grow at a rapid rate as the appraisal of the Greater
Tweneboa, Southeastern Jubilee and West Cape Three Points prospects continues, The Oil &
Gas Journal (OGJ) annual reserves and production survey attributes 660mn barrels (bbl) of
proven oil reserves to the country. BMI estimates that resource base will grow to 730mn bbl by
2016
?? Although we forecast rapid gains in oil consumption as economic growth drives demand, we
expect demand in 2012 to be particularly bullish on the back of vandalism to the West Africa
Gas Pipeline (WAGP) which has been offline since August 28 2012. The supply disruption has
required Ghana to import some 50,000b/d as feedstock for power generation, causing us to raise
our forecast for oil consumption. WAGP operators have expressed confidence that pipeline will
resume operations before 2013.
?? Limited refinery capacity will required continued increased in refined production in the near
term; however, we continue to expect capacity to rise to as much as 245,000b/d over the long
term an new facilities come online toward 2018.
?? We expect net oil exports to grow from approximately at an average rate of nearly 3% from 2012
to reach 113,000b/d by 2021, generating significant revenues for the local economy.
?? Upstream exploration, with strong successful results reported by both Tullow and Eni in drilling
campaigns, suggest upside potential for gas reserves and production, which we forecast will rise
from 1.0bcm in 2013 to 3.8bcm by 2021,
?? Ghana’s ability to process gas will grow with a US$3bn loan from the China Development Bank
supporting new midstream gas infrastructure capacity and facilitating a gradual increase in gas
production over the coming years as domestic demand from power generation gathers pace.
?? Although domestically produced gas is currently reserved for the local market, interest on the
part of international oil companies (IOCs) remains in the development of a potential LNG export
project.
We forecast an OPEC basket oil price for 2012 of US$107.05/bbl, which we see falling to US$99.10/bbl
in 2013. Global GDP in 2012 is forecast at 2.6%, down from an estimated 3.0% in 2011, reflecting
slowing growth in China, a faltering recovery in the US and a worsening eurozone debt crisis.

Ghana Oil and Gas Report Q1 2013

BMI Industry View 5
SWOT Analysis ..... 7
Ghana Oil and Gas SWOT ............. 7
Industry Forecast Scenario ............. 8
Oil And Gas Reserves ........... 8
Table: Ghana Proven Oil and Gas Reserves and Total Petroleum Data, 2010-2016 ........ 8
Table: Ghana Proven Oil and Gas Reserves and Total Petroleum Data, 2015-2021 ........ 9
Oil Supply And Demand ...... 12
Table: Ghana Oil Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2010-2016 ........ 12
Table: Ghana Oil Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2015-2021 ........ 13
Gas Supply And Demand .... 15
Table: Ghana Gas Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2010-2016 ....... 15
Table: Ghana Gas Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2015-2021 ....... 16
LNG ........ 19
Refining And Oil Products Trade ...... 20
Table: Ghana Refining - Production and Consumption, 2010-2016 .... 20
Table: Ghana Refining - Production and Consumption, 2015-2021 .... 20
Revenues/Import Costs........ 21
Country Risk/Reward Ratings ....... 22
Ghana Upstream Rating - Overview ......... 22
Ghana Downstream Rating - Overview ..... 22
Regional Risk/Reward Ratings ..... 23
Table: Africa's Oil & Gas Risk/Reward Ratings ...... 24
Table: Africa's Oil & Gas Upstream Risk/Reward Ratings .... 25
Table: Proposed And Planned Refineries In Africa . 29
Table: Africa's Downstream Risk/Reward Scores .... 30
Ghana Energy Market Overview ... 31
Overview/State Role ............ 31
Licensing and Regulation ............ 32
Licensing Rounds ........... 33
Table: Ghana - Upstream Projects Database ........ 33
Table: Key Upstream Players ...... 33
Table: Key Downstream Player ... 34
Oil And Gas Infrastructure ............ 35
Oil Refineries ........ 35
Table: Downstream Projects ....... 35
Service Stations ..... 35
Oil Terminals/Ports ............ 36
Gas Pipelines ........ 36
Competitive Landscape ... 38
Executive Summary ............. 38
Table: Key Players - Ghana Energy Sector ............. 39
Table: Key Upstream Players ...... 40
Table: Key Downstream Player ... 40
Company Monitor ............. 41
Tullow Oil ........ 41
Kosmos Energy 45
Lukoil - Summary .......... 46
Eni - Summary . 47
Hess - Summary ............ 48
Statoil - Summary .......... 48
Anadarko - Summary ..... 49
Tap Oil - Summary ........ 49
PetroSA - Summary ....... 49
Regional Energy Market Outlook .. 50
Global Energy Market Outlook ...... 55
Table: Global Oil Demand Forecasts - A Comparison ......... 57
Africa - Regional Appendix .......... 61
Table: Oil Consumption - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 ('000b/d) . 61
Table: Oil Consumption - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 ('000b/d) ............ 61
Table: Oil Production - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 ('000b/d) .... 62
Table: Oil Production - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 ('000b/d) . 63
Table: Refining Capacity - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 ('000b/d) ............. 63
Table: Refining Capacity - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 ('000b/d) .......... 64
Table: Gas Consumption - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 (bcm) ..... 64
Table: Gas Consumption - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 (bcm) .. 65
Table: Gas Production - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 (bcm) ........ 66
Table: Gas Production - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 (bcm)...... 66
LNG Net Exports - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 (bcm) ... 67
LNG Net Exports - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 (bcm) 67
Methodology And Risks To Forecasts ....... 68
Glossary Of Terms ........... 69
Table: Glossary Of Terms ............ 69
Oil And Gas Risk/Reward Ratings Methodology .... 71
Ratings Overview .. 71
Table: BMI's Oil & Gas Business Environment Ratings - Structure ... 72
Indicators 72
Table: BMI's Oil & Gas Upstream Ratings - Methodology .. 72
Table: BMI's Oil & Gas Business Environment Downstream Ratings - Methodology .... 73
BMI Methodology ............. 75
How We Generate Our Industry Forecasts ..... 75
Energy Industry .... 75
Cross checks ......... 76
Sources ... 76Table: Ghana Proven Oil and Gas Reserves and Total Petroleum Data, 2010-2016
Table: Ghana Proven Oil and Gas Reserves and Total Petroleum Data, 2015-2021
Table: Ghana Oil Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2010-2016
Table: Ghana Oil Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2015-2021
Table: Ghana Gas Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2010-2016
Table: Ghana Gas Production, Consumption and Net Exports, 2015-2021
Table: Ghana Refining - Production and Consumption, 2010-2016
Table: Ghana Refining - Production and Consumption, 2015-2021
Table: Africa's Oil & Gas Risk/Reward Ratings
Table: Africa's Oil & Gas Upstream Risk/Reward Ratings
Table: Proposed And Planned Refineries In Africa
Table: Africa's Downstream Risk/Reward Scores
Table: Ghana - Upstream Projects Database
Table: Key Upstream Players
Table: Key Downstream Player
Table: Downstream Projects
Table: Key Players - Ghana Energy Sector
Table: Key Upstream Players
Table: Key Downstream Player
Table: Global Oil Demand Forecasts - A Comparison
Table: Oil Consumption - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 ('000b/d)
Table: Oil Consumption - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 ('000b/d)
Table: Oil Production - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 ('000b/d)
Table: Oil Production - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 ('000b/d)
Table: Refining Capacity - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 ('000b/d)
Table: Refining Capacity - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 ('000b/d)
Table: Gas Consumption - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 (bcm)
Table: Gas Consumption - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 (bcm)
Table: Gas Production - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 (bcm)
Table: Gas Production - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 (bcm)
LNG Net Exports - Historical Data & Forecasts, 2009-2016 (bcm)
LNG Net Exports - Long-Term Forecasts, 2014-2021 (bcm)
Table: Glossary Of Terms
Table: BMI's Oil & Gas Business Environment Ratings - Structure
Table: BMI's Oil & Gas Upstream Ratings - Methodology
Table: BMI's Oil & Gas Business Environment Downstream Ratings - Methodology

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